Sprayer



E. HUGE Feb. 2 1926.

SPRAYER 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledV July 13 1923 E. HUGE 5 -SPRAYER Feb. 2 1926.

Filed July 13, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 UNITE!)` STATES PA ETIENNE Hoon, oF Innnnr, FRANCE.

ernannt.

y Application led July 13, 1923.

Be it known that l, ETIENNE Hooi-'1, res1- deut of Indret, Loire-lnferieure, France, citizen of the French Republic, have in vented neu" and'useful Improvements in Sprayers, which are fully set forth in the following specification.

This invention relates to sprayers designed for projecting fluids in the form of line drops. Such sprayers are used, for example, in oil burners, nozzles for injecting fuel or water into the cylinders or'carburetlors of internal combustion engines, sprinkling roses or vheads for projecting water for horticultural'or fire-fighting purposes, and for sprayingpaint, fire-extinguishingor disinfecting liquids, etc.

The essential factor of the spraying is the rotational velocities around the axis of the sprayer of the liquid delivered by the latter.

In sprayers as heretofore constructed the gyratory motion is imparted to the fluid by its own passage through the tures which impart to it a velocity the direction ot' which does not meet the axis of the outlet or exit orifices of tlieliquid. c

'l`he present. invention has for lts object to provide an improved Sprayer designed to produce'a high gyrator velocity with a minimum pressure drop in the sprayer.

The description given hereinafter with referente to the accompanying drawings (which are given by way of example only) will make the nature of the invention and its advantages clearly understood.

ln the drawings f Fig. 1 is a longitudinal central section through the nozzle end of a sprayer embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; i

Fig. 3 is a broken sectional view of a mazout burner constructed according to the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a central longitudinal section of a burner constructed according to the resent invention andhaving a variable delivery under constant pressure;

Fig. Sis a cross-sectional line 5-5 of Fig. 4; v

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section through another burner nozzle embodying the in.- venlion; l

view on the ducts or apertangential. apertures Serial No. 851,439.

Fig. 7 is of'FigJ;I

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal section of still another burner embod 'ing the invention;

Fig.`9 shows a modified form of the invention.

Referring to the drawingsvand 'firstto Figs. 1 and 2, A is a recessed ferrule having an annulaiwall of small thickness and large diameter. AThis ferrule leaves'at its ci rcum ference between B only suicient space to allow the ave access. to apertures vC1 which maybe of auy number and are Ipierced obli uely wail of said ferrulelandf" and to th'e inner wall-otheferrule In principle, interior radius of terior radiusof the to the height of the'ap'ertures C1'.

tsugeza a cross-section onv theline 7-7 itself `and the body.l fluid to v.

the dierence between thev the body B and theel:-

T'ENT OFFICE.

to the said 'chamber v The-thickness of the ferrule wall is l'ust L suicient to ensure the direction ofthe uid flowing,r through the This result ma I when the straig t line drawn from the Shar d outer edge E, Fig. 2,-of the aperture tothe center of the transverse section of theA ferrule meets the inner edge F of the said aperture.

Fig. 3 illustrates, by way of example, a,

mazout burner constructed according to 'the Cl is" connected by screwing it tothe chamberC which allows of the provision -at the bottom of the assernbl of a joint for preventing the liquid from passing into the chamber except through theA tangential apertures.

ternal thread. This construction avoids the use of a nut, which in most s rayers is screwed on the outer surface of t e sprayer ody B. The capacity of the apparatus can be utilized to ference between the external diameter of hamber C in and which c onstithe utmost extent, in that the dif-- ros . whirl chamber can be redi'ioed. vto the smallest value since there is' no necessityto reserve a space for an exteriorlyapplied nut.

Briefly stated, the im roved sprayer is formed with a chamber o thegeatest initial radiusfwith the object 'of utilizing to the {fulleet extent theyinc-reas'e in. the rotationalvelocityin accordance 'with tlie principle of the .conservation offkinetic f moinentum. Y

f The-connection -betweengtlie burner und a the-nia. fatale-.ii

.naties ifo'f. the. present .G fixed to' a yoke H.- :'g'It: is necessary to burner 4 ins'ti'itly,v after closing the Selection f 'thefburnerl Stance., there .'n'ospace quid'into the chamber the form'of ac 'urv'e 'exten g inith'e general :The above L law is mathematically-If. l ex.-

pressed byj :in lequutio' between Y the' coordi-.- .mates r end z of the section iof'the'char'nber.

' olpress-ure p "l'ibint'ivliatsioever,

'Rrz'naer'- f Aiiextremely intere'eitingr result of the profile of an avxia-lly curved chamber detined in this manner is that the guidance of the liquid is entirely assured by its bearing upon' the chanibei` nfall. It is then possible to dispense with the internal guide that is which can never be satisfactorily centered.

By this means not only is all thedistui'li- .1,571,629 BEST AVAILABLE Cow -the andv the internaldiameter of the.

'provided in the majority of burners and slowing.: down ofthe gyratoi'y'- velocity, due

to .the action of friction in Contact with' thef internal giiideis`a\-'oided. The shape adopted 'for the profile of the chaniber allows "of drawing tangen'ts through a point'fsi'tuated' {in its' interioiu The aperturespicijced i i 'i the nali of tl-iefei'- rule may then bei'eplacedby. holes pierced -.iid the automatici.inultiplicatiori .of .the gyratoi'y velocity) ensures an excellent .sprayingundeiyeiy ouwjifessiire and lthus 'alloue'ofregulati'fig,lthejc eliveiy to agreat extent by the 'ineijefyariatio'n ofthe pressure of the .-l'qu'id; in the s pace coii'iprised. between respective of. =w.ll.th ei'- they" are applied .to

andv tli'einterior-of the 9 l 'lio'ivs that an excellent 'Sllye elfectflinay ,be 'obtained .by-a small .orifice exitco'inhmed witlraferrule having:

'Thi'isiiii-fe'qccell'ent burner, having a variable' deli-v jnndei constant piesure, `can .be `-produced byii'fra'nging (Figs, 4 ando) A'in .the .interior'ofithe burner. body B, a .eliamber -and-fei'riile device (Tl-A2 wherein fthe; ax'i othe chamber-does not coincide with tlie axi s -X -1Y of'the burner,I Theroorifice' .Soi the chamber successiif'e'ly at'all points; ofsaizeircle having aaits radiuathe 'eecentricity ofthe chamber. relatively to the l burner body# The. end lfaee of the cha'iiibei" C2 iezpi'esaiedl by any Suitable means againet the front plug' I2 of the burner. The latteijileftforrn'ed"-- with a. certain number', of. apertures O. of different diameters and of suitable contour.

distributed over the circle just liereinlwoi'e referred to. and by suitably adjusting the position of the chamber. it can be biqught in front of the particular hole7 t), which is of evident that the holes. in front of which the chamber can be moved, can be provided in a member distinct from the 'plug with Awhich it is vto be mounted. In such a case `the'burner may be provided with a plurality tures pierce pierced in the cover of the ferrule A. Thev of interchangeable members dili'erent from one another only in the diameter of the holes therein. Moreover, the arrangement may be made such that the dimension'o the tangcntial channels for projecting the liquid into the chamber shall vary at the same time as the diameter of the exit orifice. For this purpose `it; would be sufficient. as above stated, to replace (Figs. 6 and 7) the aperin the ferrule by apertures 'Iz axis of these holes may, according to the directional position of brought into coincidence with the axis of holes`U of different diameters pierced in a fixed plate bearing against the cover of the ferrule. The diameters of the holes U, which vare less than those pierced. in the cover, must be determined in such a Imanner as to correspond exactly with the diameter -o the exit orifice O corresponding to the same directional position of the chamber.

The advantage afforded by tllis 'construction is that it allows of a very widc regulation of the delivery without any disinounting of the parts, or stoppage of thel working. `The regulation of the delivery may moreover be affected without stopping thc operation of the burner by means of the regulation -of an inner nienrbcr, the body of the burner propei-.renniining in place. A device of this kind will now be described.

It has been stated above that by suitably profiling the chamber, any internal guiding part was rendered unnecessary. As a niatter of fact the liquid is caused by centrifugal action to bear in the forni of a thin filiii or skin upon the wall of the cliainl'ier, and a space void of liquid is formed at the center of the said chamber.

Referring now to Fig. 8, a tube li is ai'- ranged concentric to the burner body B and to the ferrule A* provided with apertures .C3 and extending into the region void of liquid. This tube El may be left open at its inner end without thereby causing any leaka e. Therefore there may be introduced into t 1e said tube, without stopping the operation of the burner, an auxiliary chamber the chamber, be'

F2 having reduced orifice G2, which, wlieu pushed into contact with the main chamber v C will serve as a substitute for the latter'as regardsv operation. This chamber may be provided with a cylindrical wall formed with apertures H2 determined as a function of the exit orifice G24 of the said chamber.`

Finally, if the condition of having to stop for a short moment the operation of the biiruei' is accepted, the niain chamber may be replaced by a simple scat 1a (Fig. 9), designed to receive the bearing of the chaiubered element F3 which would be iutroduced in the interior of the burner after having disinounted the closing plug J at the rear end, and likewise-if desired, changing the fcrrul'e A5 formed with theL aperture C".

Fig. 9. illustrates, by way of example. a ferrulc Aj screwed into the chainbered element F3 and adapted to be assembled by means of a screw-threaded portion K, with a rod L formed in one piece with the plug J. Thescat I3 is screwed internally into the front endA of the body B of the burner. For the purpose of being centered, the chamber F3 is turnedexternally to the internal diameter of the body of the burner. It bears upon the seat I3 so that the liquid cannot pass between the two parts.

The constituent parts of the hereinbefore ,described iuiproved' sprayers4 may be con# stituted b v as many removable parts as may be desired for the purpose of facilitating dismounting the parts and diminishing the weight and the bulk of the interchangeable parts.

Similarly, these'parts may be assembled in anyA desired manner for instance by screwing or means of a separate device (a screw or a nut). Other n'iodificat-ions may also be had without departing from the scope of the invention. l

llaving no\\y particularly described land ascertained the nature of 4my said invention and in 'what manner the/saine is to be performed, l dcclarc that what T claim is:

l. A liquid sprayer comprising a hollow body, a cliaiubered outlet for said body having an axially curved surface, and means in said body fordirecting liquid into said outlet tangcntially to the curvature of said surface in the direction of the axis.

2. A liquid sprayer comprising a hollow body having an outlet provided with a hyperbolically curved surface.' and av devfice in said hollow body apertured to direct'liquid into said outlet tangentially to the curvature of said surface in the direction of the asis.

.LA liquid spraver, comprising a hollow .body provided with 'a hyperboloidal outlet, and a hollow member in said body, said member having openings tangential to its surface and to thi` hyperbolically curved surface' of said outlet.

f4. A liquid sprayer, comprising a hollow .bodyh'aving 'an axially curved outlet,

and fa coveror ferrule disposed within said body over the entrance end `ot said outlet,

- .said cover or ifcrrule having one or more opciiii'igs -theiiein tangential -toI the interior surface of the cover and `the curved surface of said outlet.v

- `5,' 4A- liquid sprayer, coniprising a hollow. body haring an .outlet whose surface is liypeiholically curved. and a hollow cover for .the outlet `disposed within saidV body,

said covcnhaving one or more aperturesl .therein tangential to 'the .interiorA surface of the cover and to the liyperbolically curved surface of said o'utlet.,'

(i. A liqtidsprayc'r comprising A"a hol- -lowlaidy having an axially curvedoutl'et,

iiicaiis at the cntranceend of said outlet` I 1 '7'."In a liquidl spray'e'iiiffthe combination of a hollow body, fa' Amember'secured vto said body havinman, outlet4 whose Ainterior .Surface is axial n y .curved,'an`d means at the` entrance endA ofrsaidr'oittl'et fof-'directing liquid from the hollovvflbod'y intol the outlet tangentially towtholminterior curved surface thereof.

--8. In a liquid. sprayer, the l combination .oa hollow body, a member-,secured to'said body having ali-)outlet interior surand apertured to direct'liquid"fro'mthe ho low body into said" outlet-"tangentially to said hyperbolicallycurved interior surface.

9. In a liquid sprayer, thel coi'nbination ,A ofa hollow body 'having' an outlet whoseinterior surface is axially curved, and a cover. for said outlet disposed within said,

bodyaud having one ormoreA apertures tangential lto the interior.jsurfacefof the cover and to the interi!" v"axially curved surface o-said outlet. Y

10. .In a liquid sprayer, the combination of a hollow Vbody having an outlet whose .interior surface is axially curved, an aper- 'tured cover for the entrance end ofsaid outlet. adapted tov direct liquid from the hollow body into the outlet taugentially to its interior axially curved surface in the direction ot the axis. and means controlling-the flow of liquid through said axially curved outlet.

ll. In a li( uid sprayer, the combination of a hollow ,body having an outlet whose interior operative surface is hyperbolic-.ally curved, a cover for 'the entrance end of said outlet disposed within said body and hav- 2'5"629 essi AVAILABLE com ing one or more a ertures tangential to the interior surface o the cover and to the hyperbolically curved surface of vthe outlet, and means controllingr the flow of liquid from` said hollow body to said outlet. a

12. In afliquid Sprayer, the combination of a hollow body, a hollow rotatable inem-- her withinsaidv llow body having an interior hyperbolically curved surface eccentric to theaxis Vot said body` andan inlet tangential to the curve of said surface, and a member secured on the wall of said body having exit orifices of ditierent diam- 'eters with which the outlet of said hollow member may be selectively registered.

13. In a-liquidsprayer, the combinati-on of a hollow body having a plurality of exit orifices. 'a hollow'rotatablel member having.

an outlet )rovided with a hyperbolically curved suriace eccentric to the axis of said body and an inlet tangential to the curvatii're of said surface in the direction of the axis,v and means for rotating sai'dvhollow member to register its'outlet with said exit orifices.

14. In a liquid `sprayer the combination of a hollow body having an *exit orifice in the wall thereof, and. a hollow" rotatable member in said body having a hyperbolicallycurved outlet for registration with said exit orifice,` and an inlet tangential to the hyperbolica-lly curved surface of said outlet.

15. In a liquid sprayer, the combination of a tubular body, a plug fitted on one end of said body having'an exit orifice therein, a hollow adjustable outlet member hav` ing a hyperbolically curved surface and an inlet tangential to said hyperbolically curvedsurface, and means for. adjusting said hollow member to register the hyperboloidal outlet with said exit orifice.

1G. In a liquid Sprayer, the combination of aV tubular body, a plug fitted on one end of said body having exit orifices of different diameters, a hollow rotatable member in said body having an outlet with a hyperbolically curved surface and an inlet tau- .gential to the wall surface and to said hyperbolically curved surface, and means for rotating said hollow member whereby its outlet may be selectively `registered with any one of said exit orifices.

17. In a liquid spra er, the conabinatior` of a tubular body, a p ug fitted on one end of said body having exit orifices of different diameters, av hollow member having am curved outlet and an inlet. tangential to theff members surface and the curve of said out- 5 let, and means on the axis of said tubular body for adjusting said hollow member whereby its outlet may be selectively registered with any one of said exit orifices.

18. In a: liquid sprayer, a tubular body, a plug provided with exit orifices of difwww@ ferent diameters, a hollow rotufable member hawaii,r an outlet whose surface 1s that of a h vperboloidal curve eeeenlric to the axis ol said tubular body, and e inlet tangential to ,said hyperbolically eux-veal surface ol said outlet, and means for rotating said ,hollow member whereby its outlet may be selectively registered with any one of said exit orilieesv f f 19. In a li( uid s )raver the combinationl of a hollow body. an outlet member Whose inner surface has a hyperbolical axial eros;-

her .angential o 'lhe eurvalure of Said sur luce in" the direetien of the axis, and

*tangential o ille surface of said chamber in a sectional plane normal to ine axis of said chamber, v

2l. In e liquid Sprayer, relatively re; talable parts having openings formed to provide an outle,I when. the same are registered, one of said parts having` an outlet chamber with hyperbolically curved interior wall, one of said parts having a passage therein tangential to the hyperbolieally curved wall lo said Chamber.

22. lx1/a liquid sprayer, atable hollow parts having openings formed lo provide a hyperbolieally curved oullel. when 'lhe openings in said parts are regis` ermh the wall of one pari having a. passage therein tangential to the hyperbolieally eurved wall of said outlet ln lestinioi'iy whereof have signed this Spec-i li aliou.

mini-wm HUGE BEST AVAILABLE comk 5 relatively ro- I 

